| Overview |
| Instructions |
| Operating scheme |
| Substances |
| Equipment |
| Evaluation |
| Analytics |
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; Side reactions |
Oxidation of anthracene to anthraquinone |
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Synthesis instructions as PDF file for printing |
Reaction1.78 g (10.0 mmol) Anthracene and 65 mL tetrahydrofuran are placed in a 250 mL round-bottom flask and whilst stirring 20 mL water are added. A white suspension forms to which 21.9 g (40.0 mmol) ammonium cerium(IV) nitrate are added and the mixture is allowed to stir for a further 5 minutes.Work upThe solvent is evaporated to 15 mL on the rotary evaporator at 25 hPa. The residue in the flask consists of an aqueous phase and a solid. The aqueous phase is decanted or the solid is filtered off. In order to remove any water soluble components, the solid is placed in an Erlenmeyer flask or round-bottom flask and washed thoroughly with 150 mL water before being filtered. The solid is dried either in a round-bottom flask on the rotary evaporator at 20 hPa and a water bath temperature of 50 °C, or in a vacuum desiccator.
Crude product yield: 1.07 g; Purity according to GC: 96% The crude product is recrystallized from 100 mL acetic acid (99-100%). Yield: 1.69 g; melting point 284 °C; Yellow needles, purity according to GC: 100% After evaporation of the solvent from the mother liquor, the residue can be recrystallized from 50 mL acetic acid (99-100%). Yield: 179 mg; Purity according to GC: 100% Total yield: 1.86 g (8.98 mmol, 90%) Duration of the experiment1 hourWhere can I stop the experiment?After evaporation of the solvent on the rotary evaporatorRecycling |
Suggestions for waste disposal |
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