3-Nitrotoluene is metabolized by mammals to the intermediate 3-nitrobenzyl alcohol (2) which is conjugated with glucuronic acid (3) (2%) or oxidized to 3-nitrobenzoic acid (5) (21%). In contrast to the isomeric 2-nitrobenzoic acid, 3-nitrobenzoic acid (5) is alos conjugated with glycine to give 3-nitrohippuric acid (7). Also the gut flora can reduce the nitro group of 3-nitrobenzyl alcohol (2) to 3-aminobenzyl alcohol (4) or reduce 3-nitrobenzoic acid (5) to 3-aminobenzoic acid (6). This metabolite may be N-acetylated in the liver to (8).